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1.
Braz. j. biol ; 84: e257314, 2024. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1355908

ABSTRACT

Abstract Melon production in the Brazilian semi-arid region is subject to the use of marginal waters with high salinity. However, the use of regulators and bioactivators in seed treatment can mitigate the harmful effects of salts in irrigation water. In this context, the objective was to evaluate the effect of pre-germination treatments with plant regulators and bioactivator in melon seeds for the production of seedlings irrigated with biosaline water from fish farming effluent. For this, two trials with the Goldex and Grand Prix hybrids were carried out separately. A completely randomized design was used in a 4 × 3 factorial scheme (pre-germination treatments × water dilutions). In addition to the control, the seeds were treated with salicylic and gibberellic acids and thiamethoxam. The waters used for irrigation were local-supply water, fish farming effluent (biosaline water) and these diluted to 50%. Physiological and biochemical analyses were performed for fourteen days. Biosaline water (5.0 dS m-1) did not affect the emergence of Goldex melon seedlings, but compromised the establishment of the Grand Prix cultivar. Seed pre-treatments with salicylic and gibberellic acids attenuate the effects of water salinity and promote growth modulations, resulting in more vigorous melon seedlings.


Resumo A produção de meloeiro no semiárido brasileiro está sujeita a utilização de águas marginais com salinidade elevada. Entretanto, a utilização de reguladores e bioativadores no tratamento de sementes podem mitigar os efeitos nocivos dos sais na água de irrigação. Nesse sentido, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de tratamentos pré-germinativos com fitorreguladores e bioativador em sementes de melão para a produção de mudas irrigadas com água biossalina de efluente de piscicultura. Para isso, dois ensaios com os híbridos Goldex e Grand Prix foram realizados separadamente. Utilizou-se delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 4 × 3 (tratamentos pré-germinativos × diluições de água). Além do controle, as sementes foram tratadas com os ácidos salicílico e giberélico, e tiametoxam. As águas utilizadas para irrigação foram a de abastecimento local, efluente de piscicultura (água biossalina) e estas diluídas a 50%. Durante quatorze dias foram realizadas as análises fisiológicas e bioquímicas. A água biossalina (5,0 dS m-1) não afetou a emergência de plântulas de meloeiro Goldex, mas prejudicou o estabelecimento da cultivar Grand Prix. Os pré-tratamentos de sementes com os ácidos salicílico e giberélico atenuam os efeitos da salinidade da água e promovem modulações no crescimento, proporcionando mudas de meloeiro mais vigorosas.


Subject(s)
Germination , Cucurbitaceae , Seeds , Water , Seedlings
2.
Braz. j. biol ; 842024.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1469326

ABSTRACT

Abstract Melon production in the Brazilian semi-arid region is subject to the use of marginal waters with high salinity. However, the use of regulators and bioactivators in seed treatment can mitigate the harmful effects of salts in irrigation water. In this context, the objective was to evaluate the effect of pre-germination treatments with plant regulators and bioactivator in melon seeds for the production of seedlings irrigated with biosaline water from fish farming effluent. For this, two trials with the Goldex and Grand Prix hybrids were carried out separately. A completely randomized design was used in a 4 × 3 factorial scheme (pre-germination treatments × water dilutions). In addition to the control, the seeds were treated with salicylic and gibberellic acids and thiamethoxam. The waters used for irrigation were local-supply water, fish farming effluent (biosaline water) and these diluted to 50%. Physiological and biochemical analyses were performed for fourteen days. Biosaline water (5.0 dS m-1) did not affect the emergence of Goldex melon seedlings, but compromised the establishment of the Grand Prix cultivar. Seed pre-treatments with salicylic and gibberellic acids attenuate the effects of water salinity and promote growth modulations, resulting in more vigorous melon seedlings.


Resumo A produção de meloeiro no semiárido brasileiro está sujeita a utilização de águas marginais com salinidade elevada. Entretanto, a utilização de reguladores e bioativadores no tratamento de sementes podem mitigar os efeitos nocivos dos sais na água de irrigação. Nesse sentido, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de tratamentos pré-germinativos com fitorreguladores e bioativador em sementes de melão para a produção de mudas irrigadas com água biossalina de efluente de piscicultura. Para isso, dois ensaios com os híbridos Goldex e Grand Prix foram realizados separadamente. Utilizou-se delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 4 × 3 (tratamentos pré-germinativos × diluições de água). Além do controle, as sementes foram tratadas com os ácidos salicílico e giberélico, e tiametoxam. As águas utilizadas para irrigação foram a de abastecimento local, efluente de piscicultura (água biossalina) e estas diluídas a 50%. Durante quatorze dias foram realizadas as análises fisiológicas e bioquímicas. A água biossalina (5,0 dS m-1) não afetou a emergência de plântulas de meloeiro Goldex, mas prejudicou o estabelecimento da cultivar Grand Prix. Os pré-tratamentos de sementes com os ácidos salicílico e giberélico atenuam os efeitos da salinidade da água e promovem modulações no crescimento, proporcionando mudas de meloeiro mais vigorosas.

3.
Rev. Ciênc. Plur ; 7(3): 43-60, set. 2021. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1290808

ABSTRACT

Introdução:O Brasil está no ranking dos 10 países que mais desperdiçam alimentos no mundo, é também o 3º maior produtor de frutas. As cascas e sementes, que são desprezadas, podem ser utilizadas na alimentação por meio do aproveitamento integral de alimentos. Objetivo:Verificar características organolépticas de preparações culinárias elaboradas com farinha das sementes de melão cantaloupe (Cucumis melo L. var. reticulatus). Metodologia:O trabalho trata-se de um estudo piloto, em que foi elaborada farinha de sementes do melão utilizada na produção de dois coprodutos, bolo simples e torta de frango, elaborados com diferentes percentuais de farinha das sementes, sendo de 25%, 50% e 75% adicionada à farinha de trigo enriquecida com ferro e ácido fólico. Posteriormente foi realizada degustação das amostras para realização da avaliação das características organolépticas dos coprodutos elaborados. Resultados:As preparações feitas com farinha cuja constituição possuía 50% de farinha de sementes foram as comentadas na avaliação das características organolépticas, visto que eram mais palatáveis, em virtude da menor quantidade de resíduos, bem como apresentaram aroma e sabor mais agradáveis quando comparadas às amostras de 75% de farinha de sementes. Conclusões:Diante dos resultados observou-se que os participantes optaram pelos produtos que possuíam quantidade intermediária de resíduos de melão nas preparações, sendo os produtos cuja concentração era 50% de farinha de sementes, visto que não dificultavam a mastigação e deglutição, bem como não tiveram alterações significativas nas características organolépticas como aroma e sabor. Espera-se que em breve com a volta das atividades presenciais, a análise sensorial com provadores não treinados seja realizada para continuidade e conclusão do estudo (AU).


Introduction:Brazil is in the ranking of the 10 countries that most waste food in the world, it is also the 3rd largest fruit producer. The husks and seeds that are neglected can be used in food through the full use of food. Objective:To verify organoleptic characteristics of culinary preparations made with flour from cantaloupe melon seeds (Cucumis melo L. var. Reticulatus).Methodology:The work is a pilot study in which cantaloupe melon melon seed meal flour was used to produce two co-products, simple cake and chicken pie, made with different percentages of flour of the seeds, 25%, 50% and 75% being added to wheat flour enriched with iron and folic acid. Subsequently, samples were tasted to evaluate the organoleptic characteristics of the elaborated by-products.Results:The preparations made with flour whose constitution had 50% of seed meal were those mentioned in the evaluation of the organoleptic characteristics, since they were more palatable, due to the lower amount of residues, as well as presenting a more pleasant aroma and flavor when compared to 75% samples. of seed meal. Conclusions:In view of the results, it was observed that the participants opted for products that had an intermediate amount of melon residues in the preparations, being the products whose concentration was 50% ofseed meal, since they did not hinder chewing and swallowing, as well as had no significant changes in organoleptic characteristics such as aroma and flavor. It is expected that soon with the return of face-to-face activities, sensory analysis with untrained tasters will be carried out for the continuity and conclude of the study (AU).


Introducción: Brasil está en el ranking de los 10 países que más desperdician alimentos en el mundo, también es el 3er productor de frutas más grande. Las cáscaras y semillas que se descuidan se pueden utilizar en los alimentos mediante el uso completo de los alimentos.Objetivo: Verificar las características organolépticas de preparaciones culinarias elaboradas con harina de semillas de melón cantalupo (Cucumis melo L. var. Reticulatus).Metodología: El trabajo es un estudio piloto en el que se utilizó harina de melón cantalupo harina de semilla de melón para producir dos coproductos, bizcocho simple y pastel de pollo, elaborado con diferentes porcentajes de harina de las semillas, 25% , 50% y 75% se agrega a la harina de trigo enriquecida con hierro y ácido fólico. Posteriormente, se cantaron muestras para evaluar las características organolépticas de los subproductos elaborados. Resultados: Las preparaciones elaboradas con harina cuya constitución tenía 50% de harina de semillas fueron las mencionadas en la evaluación de las características organolépticas, ya que resultaron más palatables, por la menor cantidad de residuos, además de presentar un aroma y sabor más agradable al compararse con 75% de muestras de harina de semillas. Conclusiones:A la vista de los resultados, se observó que los participantes optaron por productos que presentaban una cantidad intermedia de residuos de melón en las preparaciones, siendo los productos cuya concentración era del 50% de harina de semillas, ya que no dificultaban la masticación yla deglución, así como no tuvo cambios significativos en las características organolépticas como aroma y sabor. Se espera que próximamente con el regreso de las actividades presenciales se realice un análisis sensorial com catadores no capacitados para continuar y concluir el estudio (AU).


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Brazil/epidemiology , Cucumis melo , Whole Utilization of Foods , Sustainable Development Indicators , Food , Seeds , Sensation , Flour
4.
Biosci. j. (Online) ; 37: e37075, Jan.-Dec. 2021. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1359208

ABSTRACT

Worldwide, Brazil holds the fifth position in melon fruits exportation, further expanding its products to provide for the growing demand. This expansion is the result of the development and application of new technologies, including the management of the use of biostimulants. However, for melon crops, the information in the literature on the use of biostimulants remains limited to the effects of different doses on fruit quality at the time of harvest. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the influence of different methods of pre-harvest application of two biostimulants on the production and postharvest conservation of fruits of yellow melon cv. Iracema. The treatments consisted of a combination of three factors: two plant biostimulants (Crop Set® and Spray Dunger®), two application methods of the products (fertigation and spraying), and five times of postharvest storage (0, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days). An additional control treatment corresponded to plants without biostimulant application. The fruits were evaluated for production and physicochemical attributes: average mass, yield, flesh firmness, titratable acidity, soluble solids content, SSC/TA ratio, pH, total soluble sugars, and weight loss. Fertigation is the recommended application method of biostimulants for yellow melon due to its effect on the increase of average mass, yield, flesh firmness, soluble solids content, and total soluble sugars of the fruits in relation to the spraying method.


Subject(s)
Plant Growth Regulators , Cucumis melo/growth & development , Quality Improvement
5.
Biosci. j. (Online) ; 36(Supplement1): 109-119, Dec. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1355154

ABSTRACT

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the salinization process and the changes in the chemical properties of an Acrisol cultivated with melon irrigated with water of different saline concentrations. The experiment was carried out in the field conditions using the experimental design of randomized blocks, arranged in split-plot. The plots were composed of salinity levels of irrigation water, expressed in terms of water electrical conductivity (ECw): 0.54; 1.48; 2.02 dS m-1; and the sub-plots for melon cultivars: Sancho and Medellín (Toad Skin), Mandacaru (Yellow), Nectar (Galia) and Sedna (Cantaloupe). Soil samples were collected at the beginning and end of the crop cycle to evaluate the changes in the physical-chemical properties of the soil. The electrical conductivity of saturation extract in the soil profile varied for each cultivar, observing high salinity values in soils with cultivars with lower water demand (Sedna and Nectar). The salinity of the soil was lower than the electrical conductivity of the irrigation water in the treatments with high values of ECw. The soil pH values showed little reaction in relation to the initial values. The exchangeable sodium percentage values were approximate twice the sodium adsorption ratio of the saturation stratum.(AU)


O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o processo de salinização e as alterações dos atributos químicos de um Argissolo cultivado com melão irrigado com água de diferentes concentrações salinas. O experimento foi desenvolvido em campo aberto utilizando o delineamento de blocos casualizados em parcelas subdividas. As parcelas constituíram de níveis de salinidade da água de irrigação, expressa em condutividade elétrica da água (CEa): 0,54; 1,48; 2,02; 3,03 e 3,90 dS m-1 e, as sub-parcelas de cultivares de melão: Sancho e Medellín (Pele de Sapo), Mandacaru (Amarelo), Néctar (Gália) e Sedna (Cantaloupe). Amostras de solos foram coletadas no início e no final do ciclo da cultura para avaliação do processo de salinização e das alterações dos atributos físico-químicos do solo. Os resultados mostraram que a ECse no perfil do solo variou para cada cultivar, sendo as maiores salinidades observadas nos solos cultivados com as cultivares que utilizam uma menor demanda hídrica (Sedna e Néctar). A salinidade do solo foi sempre inferior ao da condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação nos tratamentos com maiores CEa. Os valores de pH do solo apresentaram pequena reação em relação aos valores iniciais. Os valores de porcentagem de sódio trocável foram cerca de duas vezes superiores ao da razão de adsorção de sódio do estrato de saturação. (AU)


Subject(s)
Saline Waters , Crop Production , Clay Soils , Cucumis melo , Agricultural Irrigation
6.
Biosci. j. (Online) ; 36(Supplement1): 249-258, Dec. 2020. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1355259

ABSTRACT

Phytotechnical parameters, yield and fertilizer use efficiency are relevant to the rational management of fertigation, especially in cultivation of high technological level. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the influence and efficiency of nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) application on the phytotechnical parameters, yield and nutritional efficiency of yellow melon in a fertigation system. The experiment was conducted in the city of Bom Jesus-PI, Brazil, from January to April 2016, in a strip-block design with four replicates, and the treatments consisted of five N levels (0, 45, 90, 135 and 180 kg ha-1 in the form of urea) and five K levels (0, 60, 120, 180 and 240 kg ha-1 in the form of potassium chloride), applied through fertigation. Collar diameter, main branch length, leaf chlorophyll content, number of leaves, leaf area index, biomass accumulation, fruit yield, and N and K use efficiencies were evaluated. Applications of 180 kg ha-1 of N and 240 kg ha-1 of K, respectively, led to the highest growth of the melon, while maximum production was obtained with the use of 112.50 and 165 kg ha-1 of N and K, respectively. The efficiency of N and K use decreased with increasing levels.


As características fitotécnicas, de rendimento e de eficiência de uso dos fertilizantes são relevantes para o manejo racional da fertirrigação, especialmente em cultivo de elevado nível tecnológico. Níveis crescentes de N e K promoverão maior crescimento e produtividade do meloeiro. Neste sentido, objetivou-se avaliar a influência e a eficiência da aplicação de nitrogênio e potássio sobre as características fitotécnicas, de rendimento e de eficiência do meloeiro amarelo em sistema de fertirrigação. O experimento foi conduzido na cidade de Bom Jesus ­ PI, Brasil durante o período de janeiro a abril de 2016. O delineamento experimental adotado foi de blocos em faixas com quatro repetições, e os tratamentos constituídos por cinco níveis de nitrogênio (0, 45, 90, 135 e 180 kg ha-1 na forma de ureia) e cinco níveis de potássio (0, 60, 120, 180 e 240 kg ha-1na forma de cloreto de potássio) aplicados via fertirrigação. Avaliou-se os caracteres fitotécnicos, rendimento de frutos e as eficiências de uso do nitrogênio e do potássio. As aplicações de 180 kg ha-1 de N e 240 kg ha-1 de K promoveram maior crescimento do meloeiro, enquanto que a máxima produção foi obtida com o uso de 112,50 e 165 kg ha-1 de nitrogênio e potássio, respectivamente. As eficiências de uso do nitrogênio e do potássio diminuíram com o aumento dos níveis aplicadas.


Subject(s)
Crop Production , Cucumis melo , Fertilizers
7.
Ciênc. rural (Online) ; 50(2): e20190452, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1089539

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT: Melon or muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) is of considerable economic importance in Brazil. Nearly all the cultivars currently grown are hybrids. Heterosis has been used to advantage in the melon plant, and the use of uniform hybrids is one of the reasons for successful cultivation. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the agronomic potential of yellow melon lines and hybrids. An experiment was conducted in randomized blocks with three replications to evaluate 24 hybrids generated by crosses among three elite lines used as female parents (AF-01, AF-02, and AF-03) and eight lines used as male parents (LAM-01, LAM-02, LAM-03, LAM-04, LAM-05, LAM-06, LAM-07, and LAM-08). Yield and fruit quality traits were evaluated. Partial diallel analysis was carried out to estimate general combining ability and specific combining ability. Additive and non-additive effects were observed for the yield, mean fruit weight, and pulp thickness traits. The lines AF-02, LAM-02, and LAM-03 are the most promising as parents as they more frequently have favorable alleles. The most prominent hybrids in diallel analysis were AF-02 x LAM-02, AF-02 x LAM-03, AF-02 x LAM-04, and AF-03 x LAM-06.


RESUMO: O melão amarelo (Cucumis melo L.) é uma hortaliça de grande importância econômica. Atualmente as cultivares plantadas, em quase sua totalidade, são híbridos. A heterose tem sido explorada no meloeiro, sendo o emprego de híbridos uniformes uma das razões do sucesso da cultura. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o potencial agronômico de linhagens e híbridos de melão amarelo. Foi conduzido um ensaio em blocos casualizados com três repetições para avaliar 24 híbridos gerados pelos cruzamentos entre três linhagens elites utilizadas como genitores femininos (AF-01, AF-02 e AF-03), e oito linhagens utilizadas como genitores masculinos (LAM-01; LAM-02; LAM-03; LAM-04; LAM-05; LAM-06; LAM-07 e LAM-08). Foram avaliados caracteres a produção e a qualidade do fruto. Realizou-se a análise dialélica parcial para estimação das capacidades geral e específica de combinação. Observou-se efeitos aditivos e não aditivos para os caracteres produtividade, peso médio do fruto e espessura da polpa. As linhagens AF-02, LAM-02 e LAM03 são as mais promissoras por possuir maior frequência de alelos favoráveis. Os híbridos de maior destaque foram AF-02 x LAM-02, AF-02 x LAM-03, AF-02 x LAM-04 e AF-03 x LAM-06.

8.
Chinese Herbal Medicines ; (4): 399-405, 2020.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-841992

ABSTRACT

Objective: Wild musk melon (Cucumis melo var. agrestis, CMA) is one of the edible plants form Tamil Nadu. Traditionally, this plant was used as diabetic diet (leaves of CMA with Momordica charantia leaves), but there is no scientific report on antidiabetic action of this plant material. Hence, the current research work was designed to evaluate the antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effect of hydroalcoholic extract of CMA leaves (HALEC) in streptozotocin (STZ)-nicotinamide (NIC)-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Diabetes was induced by administration of STZ (60 mg/kg, i.p.) after 15 min of NIC (120 mg/kg i.p.) administration. The diabetic rats were treated with HALEC (300 and 600 mg/kg, p.o., respectively) for 21 d. Results: After the management with HALEC, blood glucose, HbA1c levels, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides levels, glycogen phosphorylase and glucose-6-phosphatase levels were significantly diminished in diabetic rats. However, haemoglobin level, HDL cholesterol, liver glycogen, total protein, hexokinase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase levels were significantly increased in HALEC treated diabetic rats. The histopathological studies of the pancreas in HALEC-treated diabetic rats showed almost normal appearance. L6 cell line study revealed the increased glucose uptake activity of HALEC. High performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) analysis confirms the presence of active principles such as rutin, gallic acid and quercetin in HALEC. Conclusion: The results indicated that HALEC possess significant antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic activity in STZ-NIC-induced type II diabetic rats with protective effect. This research work will be useful for the isolation of active principles and development of herbal formulation in phytopharmaceuticals.

9.
Ciênc. rural (Online) ; 49(7): e20180588, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1045405

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT: The germination and growth of melon (Cucumis melo L.) plants can be severely affected by excess salts in the soil or irrigation water; however, negative effects of salt stress can be attenuated using appropriate methods of seed priming. Thus, effects of osmopriming as inducer of salt stress tolerance in melon seeds exposed to salinity levels were investigated in this study. Seeds were soaked for 22 h at 25 °C in the dark in distilled water (hydropriming) or 0.5% KNO3 solution (osmopriming), and after drying, were distributed in plastic boxes with blotter paper containing different NaCl solutions prepared with osmotic pressure of 0.0 MPa (control), -0.3 MPa (mild stress), and -0.6 MPa (severe stress). Unprimed dry seeds were taken as control. The plastic boxes were kept into a seed germinator, at 25 °C for 14 days. A completely randomized design in a 3 × 3 factorial schemes with four replicates of 25 seeds was used. Results showed that the seed priming with water and KNO3 may be successfully applied on melon seeds to alleviate the adverse effects of saline stress in initial stages of plant growth. However, under severe salt stress conditions, hydropriming should be used because it results in higher germination and initial growth rate of the seedlings when compared to the osmopriming. Use of unprimed seeds should not be adopted in cultivation areas affected by salinity because they result in low germination rate and reduced initial plant growth.


RESUMO: A germinação e o crescimento de plantas de melão (Cucumis melo L.) podem ser severamente afetadas pelo excesso de sais no solo ou na água de irrigação. No entanto, os efeitos negativos do estresse salino podem ser amenizados com o uso de métodos adequados de condicionamento das sementes. Assim, este estudo objetivou investigar os efeitos do osmocondicionamento como indutor da tolerância ao estresse salino em sementes de melão expostas à níveis de salinidade. As sementes foram imersas por 22 h à 25 °C em água destilada (hidrocondicionamento) ou em solução de 0,5% de KNO3 (osmocondicionamento). Após secagem, as sementes foram distribuídas em caixas plásticas com papel mata-borrão contendo as diferentes soluções de NaCl preparadas com potencial osmótico de 0,0 MPa (controle), -0,3 MPa (estresse suave) e -0,6 MPa (estresse severo). Um tratamento com sementes secas não condicionadas foi utilizado como controle. As caixas plásticas foram mantidas em germinador de sementes, a 25 °C por 14 dias. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 3 × 3, com quatro repetições de 25 sementes. Os resultados mostraram que o condicionamento de sementes com água e KNO3 pode ser aplicado com sucesso em sementes de melão para amenizar os efeitos adversos do estresse salino durante o estágio inicial de crescimento das plantas. No entanto, sob estresse salino severo, o hidrocondicionamento deve ser utilizado por resultar em maior percentagem de germinação e maior taxa de crescimento inicial das plântulas quando comparado ao osmocondicionamento. O uso de sementes de melão sem condicionamento prévio não deve ser adotado em áreas de cultivo afetadas pela salinidade, pois resultam em baixa taxa de germinação e reduzido crescimento inicial das plantas.

10.
Arq. Inst. Biol ; 85: e0302017, 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-987431

ABSTRACT

Opius scabriventris (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is considered an important parasitoid of the leafminer Liriomyza sativae (Diptera: Agromyzidae) in the main melon (Cucumis melo L.) producing areas in Brazil. However, there is no information on the influence of trichomes on melon plant leaves on the parasitoids' actions. Therefore, the aim of this investigation was to relate the influence of columnar trichome density on melon cultivars in the parasitism of L. sativae larvae by O. scabriventris. The study was conducted in laboratory conditions, in which melon cultivars were infested and the leafminer larvae were subjected to the parasitism. The results demonstrated that trichome density can influence the parasitism of L. sativae larvae by O. scabriventris. Among the studied materials, Piel de Sapo cultivar showed the highest density of trichomes in the leaves (534 trichomes/cm2) and the lowest parasitism (20%).(AU)


Opius scabriventris (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) é considerado um importante parasitoide da mosca-minadora Liriomyza sativae (Diptera: Agromyzidae) nas principais áreas de produção de melão (Cucumis melo L.) do Brasil, no entanto, não há informações se a densidade de tricomas das folhas do meloeiro pode influenciar a ação desses parasitoides. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar a influência da densidade de tricomas colunares de cultivares de meloeiro no parasitismo de L. sativae por O. scabriventris. O trabalho foi realizado em condições de laboratório, em que os cultivares foram infestados e as larvas da mosca-minadora submetidas ao parasitismo. Os resultados demonstraram que a densidade dos tricomas pode influenciar no parasitismo de larvas de L. sativae por O. scabriventris. Entre os materiais estudados, o cultivar pele-de-sapo apresentou a maior densidade de tricomas nas folhas (534 tricomas/cm2) e o menor parasitismo (20%).(AU)


Subject(s)
Pest Control, Biological , Cucumis melo , Hymenoptera/parasitology , Pest Control , Diptera
11.
Chinese Journal of Biotechnology ; (12): 928-936, 2018.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-687724

ABSTRACT

In order to investigate the effect of S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (SAMDC) gene in melon resistance to powdery mildew, according to the previous results of EST sequences from cDNA-AFLP library and the melon genome sequence data, the SAMDC gene was isolated from Chinese wild melon clone 'Yuntian930' by RT-PCR and designated as CmSAMDC (GenBank Accession No. KF151861). The mORF (main open reading frame) was 1 095 bp encoding 364 amino acids with a molecular mass of 40 kDa. The predicted protein sequence showed high similarity with Cucumis sativus and Citrofortunella microcarpa. The SDS-PAGE showed that the expression protein was a fusion protein with the molecular weight of 40 kDa, which perfectly matched the mass calculated from the amino acid sequence. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis indicated that the expression level of CmSAMDC reached a maximum at 48 hpi (hours post inoculation) that over 7-fold to 0 hpi, and the expression of CmSAMDC was also detected in tendril, root, leaf and stem. These results indicate that CmSAMDC gene may play protective roles in melon resistance to powdery mildew infection.

12.
An. acad. bras. ciênc ; 89(2): 1155-1166, Apr.-June 2017. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-886710

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Melon is one of the most important vegetable crops in the world. With short cycle in a system of phased planting, phytosanitary control is compromised, and a great volume of agricultural chemicals is used to control vegetable leafminer. Genetic control is an ideal alternative to avoid the damage caused by this insect. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate Cucumis accessions in regard to resistance to leafminer and correlate the variables analyzed. Fifty-four accessions and four commercial hybrids of melon were tested. The study was divided into two experiments: with and with no choice. The following characteristics were evaluated: with choice, in field - subjective score based on the infestation and the number of mines per leaf; and with no choice, in cage - number of mines per leaf, chlorophyll content, and leaf colorimetry. The results showed variability among the accessions and some genotypes showed favorable results for resistance in both experiments. There was correlation between the two variables in the experiment in the field. The accessions CNPH 11-282, CNPH 06-1047, and CNPH 11-1077 are the most recommended for future breeding programs with aim on introgression of resistance to vegetable leafminer in melon.


Subject(s)
Animals , Phenotype , Pest Control, Biological/methods , Plant Leaves/genetics , Cucumis melo/genetics , Diptera , Genotype , Plant Diseases/prevention & control , Reference Values , Genetic Variation , Chlorophyll/analysis , Genes, Plant , Colorimetry/methods , Statistics, Nonparametric , Plant Leaves/chemistry , Larva
13.
Ciênc. rural ; 47(5): e20151147, 2017. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-839797

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT: In order to assess the genetic control of resistance in the melon ‘Gaúcho Redondo’ to the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita, an experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three blocks and six treatments using the parental lines ‘Gaúcho Redondo’ (P1 resistant) and JAB 20 (P2 susceptible), as well as F1, F2, and backcross generations (RC1P1 and RC1P2). Seventy days after inoculation, individual plants were evaluated for resistance using the nematode reproduction factor (RF). The hypothesis of monogenic inheritance was rejected by the chi-square test (χ2), and results indicated that resistance is controlled by more than one gene locus, as confirmed by the quantitative analysis that revealed the presence of six genes.


RESUMO: Com o objetivo de avaliar o controle genético da resistência do melão ‘Gaúcho Redondo’ ao nematoide de galha Meloidogyne incognita, foi conduzido um experimento em blocos casualizados com três blocos e seis tratamentos, os quais envolveram as linhas parentais ‘Gaúcho Redondo’ (P1, resistente) e JAB 20 (P2, suscetível), assim como as gerações F1, F2, e retrocruzamentos (RC1P1 e RC1P2). Avaliaram-se plantas individuais após 70 dias da inoculação com o patógeno, por meio do fator de reprodução do nematoide (FR). A hipótese de herança monogênica foi rejeitada pelo teste do qui-quadrado (χ2), indicando que a resistência está sob controle de mais de um loci gênico, sendo confirmado pela análise quantitativa, que evidenciou a presença de seis genes.

14.
Rev. bras. farmacogn ; 26(6): 701-704, Nov.-Dec. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-829922

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Phytochemical investigation of the MeOH extract of Cucumis melo L. var. reticulates, Cucurbitaceae, seeds led to the isolation of a new triterpenoid: cucumol A (27-hydroxy taraxerol-3β-ol), along with three known compounds: α-spinasterol and D:B-friedoolean-5-ene-3-β-ol. Their structures were established by extensive 1D (1H, 13C, and DEPT) and 2D (1H–1H COSY, HMQC, and HMBC) NMR, as well as IR and HRESIMS spectral analyses. Compound 3 displayed cytotoxic activity against L5178Y and Hela cancer cell lines with ED50 of 1.30 and 5.40 µg/ml, respectively compared to paclitaxel (0.07 and 0.92 µg/ml, respectively).

15.
Rev. chil. nutr ; 43(3): 284-289, set. 2016. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-830137

ABSTRACT

Coatings are defined as edible products which form a thin layer on the food, and are characterized by it constitute a semipermeable barrier to gases and water vapor retarding food spoilage, improve the mechanical properties, help maintain the structural integrity of the product wrapping, to retain volatile compounds and can act as a vehicle for food additives. We evaluated the performance of the biofilms on melon through the determination of physico-chemical and sensory properties. The results show that all the variables are significantly influenced by the biomolecule employed "modified starch", noting a favorable performance in the edible biofilms.


Los recubrimientos se definen como productos comestibles que forman una fina capa sobre el alimento y se caracterizan por que constituyen una barrera semipermeable a los gases y al vapor de agua que retrasa el deterioro del alimento, mejoran las propiedades mecánicas, ayudan a mantener la integridad estructural del producto que envuelven, ayudan a retener compuestos volátiles y pueden actuar como vehículo de aditivos alimentarios. Se evaluó el desempeño de los biorecubrimientos sobre el melón mediante la determinación de propiedades sensoriales y fisicoquímicas. Los resultados muestran que todas las variables están significativamente influenciadas por la biomolécula empleada "almidón modificado", observando un desempeño favorable en los biorecubrimientos comestibles.


Subject(s)
Starch , Succinic Anhydrides , Cucurbitaceae , Food Preservation , Plant Tubers
16.
Ciênc. rural ; 45(11): 1953-1958, Nov. 2015. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-762942

ABSTRACT

Este trabalho teve como objetivo estabelecer a melhor temperatura para a conservação de melões ‘Louis‘. Os frutos foram armazenados sob condição de ambiente (22±2°C e 80±5% UR), sob refrigeração (3±1°C e 80±5% UR; 6±1°C e 80±5% UR; e 9±1°C e 80±5% UR) e avaliados quanto à coloração e firmeza da polpa, teores de sólidos solúveis, acidez titulável, atividade das enzimas peroxidase, polifenoloxidase, poligalacturonase e pectinametilesterase e perda de massa fresca. Os melões ‘Louis‘ armazenados a 22°C apresentaram maior redução nos teores de sólidos solúveis e acidez titulável, além de apresentarem maior atividade da enzima poligalacturonase, com conservação por até 18 dias. Os frutos armazenados a 6°C mantiveram a qualidade comercial durante 25 dias de armazenamento, apresentando os maiores teores de sólidos solúveis e menor atividade das enzimas peroxidase e poligalacturonase.


This research aimed to establish the best temperature for the conservation of ‘Louis‘ melons. Fruit were stored under ambient condition (22°C and 80% RH) and under refrigeration (3°C - 80% RH, 6°C - 90% RH e 9°C - 80% RH) and evaluated for color and resistance of pulp, soluble solids, titratable acidity content, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, polygalacturonase and pectin methyl esterase activity and weight loss. ‘Louis‘ melons at 22°C showed greater reduction in soluble solids and titratable acidity content, and had higher activity of the enzyme polygalacturonase, culminating in conservation for 18 days. Melons stored at 6°C preserved the shelf-life for 25 days, showed the highest soluble solids and lower activity of peroxidase and polygalacturonase.

17.
Ciênc. rural ; 45(10): 1768-1773, Oct. 2015. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-758037

ABSTRACT

Honey bees (Apis mellifera) pollinate melon (Cucumis melo) and improve production and quality of fruits. However, little is known about bee behavior and number of hives required. The aims of this study were to compare bees visiting flowers in crop areas with different number of hives (0, 1, 2, and 3), and to evaluate which is the best number. Flowers were observed (n=78) from 5 am to 6 pm, for five consecutive days, in four experimental areas (0.5ha each). Comparisons were made for male (MF) and hermaphrodite (HF) flowers, number of hives and fruit production. The HF were always more visited than MF. Most comparisons made for three hives presented significant differences, since visits increased drastically, competition among bees for floral resources became stronger and reduced the production of commercial fruit (93.4%). On the other hand, the highest percentage of commercial fruit was obtained (99%) with two hives, setting the ideal number of hives as four hives ha-1.


As abelhas melíferas (Apis mellifera) polinizam o melão (Cucumis melo) e melhoram a produção e qualidade dos frutos. Entretanto, pouco é conhecido sobre seu comportamento e o número de colmeias necessário. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram comparar a visitação das abelhas nas flores em áreas de cultivo com diferente número de colmeias (0,1, 2 e 3) e avaliar a produção de frutos em cada situação. Nas quatro áreas experimentais (0,5 ha cada), foram observadas flores (n=78), de 5 às 18h, por cinco dias consecutivos. Foram realizadas comparações para as flores masculinas (FM) e hermafroditas (FH), número de colmeias e produção de frutos. Os resultados mostraram que sempre as FH foram mais visitadas que as FM. A maioria das comparações feitas para três colmeias apresentaram diferenças significativas, já que as visitas aumentaram drasticamente. Provavelmente, a competição entre as abelhas pelos recursos florais foi maior e reduziu a produção de frutos comerciais (93,4%). Por outro lado, com duas colmeias, obteve-se a maior porcentagem de frutos comerciais (99%), indicando que o número ideal é de quatro colmeias ha-1.

18.
Rev. bras. farmacogn ; 25(5): 462-464, Sept.-Oct. 2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-765068

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACTA new phenylethyl chromenone, cucumin S [(R)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-[1-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]chromone] (1), along with five known compounds: 5,7-dihydroxy-2-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]chromone (2), 5,7-dihydroxy-2-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl]chromone (3), luteolin (4), quercetin (5), and 7-glucosyloxy-5-hydroxy-2-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]chromone (6) were isolated from the EtOAc fraction of Cucumis melo var. reticulatus Ser., Cucurbitaceae, seeds. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic means (1D and 2D NMR), as well as HRESIMS, optical rotation measurement, and comparison with literature data. The isolated compounds 1–6 were assessed for their antioxidant activity using DPPH assay. Compounds 3, 4, and 5 showed potent activities compared to propyl gallate at concentration 100 µM.

19.
Rev. cuba. plantas med ; 18(3): 405-411, jul.-set. 2013.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-683113

ABSTRACT

Introducción: la investigación se realizó para determinar la relación dosis-respuesta del pericarpio de melón, validar su empleo en la medicina tradicional venezolana y promover su uso racional como planta medicinal, mediante el conocimiento científico. Objetivo: valorar la relación dosis-respuesta del efecto diurético de la concha del fruto de Cucumis melo var. reticulatus Ser. en ratas. Métodos: se licuó el pericarpio del fruto fresco y se colocó en solución fisiológica por 48 h para luego colarlo. Se administraron vía oral dosis de 1, 3 y 6 mL/300 g, se compararon con un grupo control respectivo y se midió el volumen de orina producido transcurrida 1 h. Resultados: la primera dosis no tuvo efecto diurético en ningún caso. La excreción urinaria de las 2 mayores dosis fue diferente de su respectivo grupo control. Los grupos tratados con extracto acuoso a 3 y 6 mL resultaron diferentes entre sí, igual que los grupos control a esos volúmenes. No se encontró diferencia en la acción diurética. Se halló una relación dosis-respuesta de regresión no-lineal. Conclusiones: se evidencia la relación dosis-respuesta basada en la excreción urinaria, tras administrar el extracto acuoso de la concha de melón, lo que sustenta su empleo como diurético en la medicina tradicional venezolana.


Introduction: research was conducted to determine the dose-response of melon pericarp, validate its use in traditional medicine in Venezuela and promote its rational use as a medicinal plant, through scientific knowledge. Objective: to assess the dose-response diuretic effect of the shell of the fruit of Cucumis melo var. reticulatus Ser. in rats. Methods: fresh fruit pericarp was liquefied and placed in saline solution for 48 hours to strain it later. Oral doses of 1, 3 and 6 mL/300g were administered, compared with a respective control group, and the volume of urine produced an hour later was measured. Results: the first dose had no diuretic effect in any case. Urinary excretion of the two higher doses differed from their respective control group. The groups treated with aqueous extract at 3 and 6 mL were different among them, as well as the control groups in those volumes. No difference was found in the diuretic action. The study found a dose-response of nonlinear regression. Conclusions: there is a clear dose-response relationship based on urinary excretion after administration of the aqueous extract of melon shell, which supports its use as a diuretic in traditional medicine in Venezuela.

20.
Rev. bras. plantas med ; 15(2): 194-198, 2013. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-677026

ABSTRACT

O melão (Cucumis melo L.) é uma fruta muito apreciada por suas qualidades e sua produção vem crescendo e ganhando espaço no mercado nacional e internacional. Em regiões como o Noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul, destaca-se como uma nova alternativa de renda para vários agricultores. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar o potencial fitoquímico de alguns cultivares de melão da região Noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul. A análise fitoquímica utilizando como farmacógeno as folhas, foi realizada para a verificação da presença de metabólitos secundários, tais como: saponinas, cumarinas, cardiotônicos, cianogenéticos, alcalóides, taninos, antraquinonas, flavonoides, e óleos voláteis. Também foi avaliado o teor de suco a partir dos frutos. Dentre os cinco cultivares analisados, Gaúcho, Imperial, Hy Mark, Magelan, e Cantaloupe, o cultivar Gaucho apresentou a maior variedade em metabólitos secundários. Na avaliação do teor de suco a cultivar Magelan se destacou em comparação às demais cultivares testadas.


The melon (Cucumis melo L.) is a fruit highly appreciated for its qualities and its production has been growing and gaining space in the national and in the international market. In regions like the northwest of Rio Grande do Sul - Brazil, it stands out as a new income alternative for farmers. In this context, this study aimed to analyze the phytochemical potential of some melon cultivars in the northwest region of Rio Grande do Sul. The phytochemical analysis, using the leaves as pharmacogen, was performed to verify the presence of secondary metabolites such as saponins, coumarins, cardiac glycosides, cyanogenetic glicosides, alkaloids, tannins, anthraquinones, flavonoids and volatile oils. The juice content from the fruits was also evaluated. Among the five analyzed cultivars, Gaucho, Imperial, Hy Mark, Magelan and Cantaloupe, cultivar Gaucho had the greatest variety of secondary metabolites. In the assessment of the juice content, cultivar Magelan was superior compared to the remaining tested cultivars.


Subject(s)
Cucumis melo/metabolism , Phytochemicals/analysis , Plant Leaves/adverse effects , Juices
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